A novel Dynamic programming approach for Two-Echelon Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem in City Logistics with Environmental considerations

A new Bi-objective model for a Two-echelon Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem for Perishable Products with the Environmental Factor

In multi-echelon distribution strategy freight is delivered to customers via intermediate depots. Rather than using direct shipments, this strategy is an increasingly popular one in urban logistics. This is primarily to alleviate the environmental (e.g., energy usage and congestion) and social (e.g., traffic-related air pollution, accidents and noise) consequences of logistics operations. This ...

Models and Methods for the City Logistics: The Two-Echelon Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem

A multi-objective Two-Echelon Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem for perishable products

This article addresses a general tri-objective two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem (2E-CVRP) to minimize the total travel cost, customers waiting times and carbon dioxide emissions simultaneously in distributing perishable products. In distributing perishable products, customers’ satisfaction is very important and is inversely proportional to the customers waiting times. The propose...

A novel heuristic algorithm for capacitated vehicle routing problem

The vehicle routing problem with the capacity constraints was considered in this paper. It is quite difficult to achieve an optimal solution with traditional optimization methods by reason of the high computational complexity for large-scale problems. Consequently, new heuristic or metaheuristic approaches have been developed to solve this problem. In this paper, we constructed a new heuristic ...

An Imperialist Competitive Algorithm and a Mixed Integer Programming Formulation for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem

The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), a famous problem of operation research, holds a central place in combinatorial optimization problems. In this problem, a fleet vehicles with Q capacity start to move from depot and return after servicing to customers in which visit only ones each customer and load more than its capacity not at all. The objective is to minimize the number of used vehicles and t...